Which event in 1622 led to conflict with Native Americans and the Powhatan alliance?

• A. The Pocahontas Affair
• B. The 1622 Indian massacre on Easter Sunday
• C. The Battle of Bloody Run
• D. The Starving Time

Answer: (B)

The situation tests understanding of how a dramatic Native American attack shifted Virginia’s early colonial dynamic. In 1622, Opechancanough led a surprise, coordinated assault on English settlements along the James River on Easter Sunday, killing a large portion of the colonists and destroying crops and defenses. This sudden, violent blow shattered the fragile peace that had existed since the 1614 marriage alliance between Pocahontas and John Rolfe, and it forced the English to abandon accommodation in favor of stronger military action and tighter control over lands and trade. The massacre thus marks a turning point, triggering sustained conflict rather than the earlier patterns of famine or peaceful diplomacy.

The Pocahontas affair refers to the 1614 marriage that briefly eased tensions, not a mass attack in 1622. The Battle of Bloody Run and the Starving Time describe later or different situations—one a later conflict, the other a severe famine in 1609–1610—not the 1622 event that sparked renewed war with the Powhatan.