What happened after the Pueblo Revolt?

• A. The Pueblo established an independent state.
• B. The Spanish were driven away permanently.
• C. The Pueblo converted fully.
• D. The Spanish were driven away for 12 years, then returned.

Answer: (D)

The key idea is that the revolt briefly overturned Spanish rule and left the Pueblo in charge for a period, then Spanish authorities came back to reclaim control. After the uprising in 1680, Pueblo communities expelled the Spanish and governed themselves for about twelve years. In 1692, Spanish forces led by Diego de Vargas returned to reassert control and reestablish the mission system, though not without some negotiations that allowed limited Pueblo autonomy. This is why the outcome is described as the Spanish being driven away for about 12 years, then returning. The other scenarios—permanent independence, full conversion, or permanent expulsion—do not fit what happened.