The Portuguese set the model for exploration by...

• A. Sending soldiers and merchants to establish military outposts for profit
• B. Establishing large-scale settlements with families
• C. Focusing on missionary work among indigenous peoples
• D. Trading-only voyages with no outposts

Answer: (D)

The idea being tested is that Portugal’s early exploration combined travel with creating protected trading networks. They didn’t just sail to trade in a vacuum; they sent sailors and merchants to establish fortified trading posts along the African coast and later elsewhere. These outposts, often guarded by soldiers, allowed them to control routes, secure resources, and profit from commerce—gold, spices, and other goods—across a growing maritime empire. This approach molds exploration into a strategic, profit-driven enterprise, not simply a series of voyage for discovery or missionary work. That’s why the best description is the effort to build military-guarded trading posts for profit. Trading-only voyages with no outposts wouldn’t provide the security or control needed to sustain long-distance trade, and large-scale family settlements or missionary focus were not the defining model of their exploration.